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Thursday, 25 July 2013

Beauitful Wallpaper of Nature

Beauitful Wallpaper of Nature Biography

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The preservation of the cultural landscape of the Netherlands is a complex matter, partly because responsibilities are divided over several ministries and administrative levels. Guided by the motto ‘preservation through development’ the ‘Belevere Program’ was launched in order to combine efforts and to develop and put into practice projects aiming at actively using historical values in the process of spatial planning. In accordance with the ELC the care for most of the cultural landscape has more and more become the responsibility of local authorities. Consequently landscape protection is increasingly dependant on (raising) public support. In shaping local policy towards landscape all parties involved are faced with the challenge to bring together scientific knowledge and local demands and initiatives. To achieve this linking so-called ‘Landscape Development Plans’ and research guided by the ‘landscape biography’ concept has proven to be an effective strategy. Especially on a local level the long-term history of man and landscape can be used to inspire future developments.
As a result of the new Spatial Planning Act, responsibility for landscape management in the Netherlands is increasingly being delegated to the municipalities. This development is endorsed by the European Landscape Convention; nonetheless, there is also opposition against making municipalities responsible for the landscape. Their ability to make the sound decisions with regard to landscapes is being questioned. There is moreover a potential conflict between on the one hand local economic targets, which find their expression in housing developments and business parks, and on the other the desire to improve landscape quality.
We believe that a local policy which respects the character of a historical landscape is perfectly feasible, provided it meets certain conditions. These include a maximum use of existing policy instruments, as well as a complete integration and application of all available expertise on landscape and culture history. During the past 10 years the Belvedere program in particular has generated much experience in this field.
In this paper we would like to focus on the ways in which care for the historical landscape can be developed at the level of the local community. Central to this is the Landschapsontwikkelingsplan (Landscape Development Plan), a municipal policy instrument which is particularly suitable to combine historical and modern characteristics. This plan can be supplemented by Dorpsomgevingsplannen (village surroundings plans), which assign a greater role to the inhabitants of an area, the local population. The local population is therefore yet another aspect we would like to discuss in our paper. One of our questions is to which extent the wishes and the expertise of the local population can be incorporated into the planning process. We believe that the concept of landscape biography provides excellent opportunities for this. Finally, we will conclude our paper by offering some suggestions for policy and research. They need each other, now perhaps more than ever before.
This paper gives an overview of the Dutch approach, based on several methodological studies from the Netherlands, from national and local perspective. Focus us upon the local scale, and different approaches are put in context to eachother."